|
}} Bed bugs, bed-bugs, or bedbugs〔The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition., quotes sources using all three spellings〕 are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood. ''Cimex lectularius'', the common bed bug, is the best known, as it prefers to feed on human blood. Other ''Cimex'' species specialize in other animals, e.g., bat bugs, such as ''Cimex pipistrelli'' (Europe), ''Cimex pilosellus'' (western US), and ''Cimex adjunctus'' (entire eastern US).〔Bat bugs are visually indistinguishable from bed bugs, and may also occasionally feed on human hosts.〕 The name "bed bug" derives from the preferred habitat of ''Cimex lectularius'': warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas. Bed bugs are mainly active at night, but are not exclusively nocturnal. They usually feed on their hosts without being noticed.〔〔 A number of adverse health effects may result from bed bug bites, including skin rashes, psychological effects, and allergic symptoms.〔 They are not known to transmit any pathogens as disease vectors. Certain signs and symptoms suggest the presence of bed bugs; finding the insects confirms the diagnosis. Bed bugs have been known as human parasites for thousands of years.〔 At a point in the early 1940s, they were mostly eradicated in the developed world, but have increased in prevalence since 1995, likely due to pesticide resistance and governmental bans on effective pesticides.〔 〕〔 〕 Because infestation of human habitats has been on the increase, bed bug bites and related conditions have been on the rise as well.〔 ==Infestation== (詳細はcimicosis may lead to a range of skin manifestations from no visible effects to prominent blisters. Effects include skin rashes, psychological effects, and allergic symptoms. They can be infected by at least 28 human pathogens, but no study has clearly found that the insect can transmit the pathogen to a human being.〔 They have been found with methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (MRSA) and with vancomycin-resistant ''Enterococcus faecium'' (VRE), but the significance of this is still unknown. Investigations into potential transmission of HIV, MRSA, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis E have not shown that bed bugs can spread these diseases. However, it may be possible that arboviruses are transmissible. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bed bug」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|